Pancreatitis is a pathology in which inflammatory and degenerative changes develop in the pancreas.When exposed to certain causative factors, the process of synthesis of proteolytic enzymes is activated, which leads to damage to pancreatic cells.This article indicates the main clinical manifestations of this pathology, as well as the characteristics of nutritional nutrition as an important component of complex treatment.
Pancreatitis Clinic
Pancreatitis is characterized by acute, severe pain, which, if not treated in time, can cause the development of painful shock.The painful sensations are located in the pit of the stomach or have a shingles character.The inflammatory process in the pancreas causes hyperthermia.In addition, changes in blood pressure (hypo- or hypertension) are observed and the general condition of the patient worsens.It becomes pale, and then the skin acquires an earthy-gray hue.With cholecystitis and pancreatitis, jaundice may be observed due to compression of the bile duct by an enlarged gland.
Patients also report dry mouth.They feel hiccups and belches and nausea starts to bother them.In the acute period, continuous vomiting is observed.Electrolyte loss leads to sticky sweat, shortness of breath and a yellow coating on the tongue.The stool becomes foamy, with food particles and an unpleasant odor.Sometimes, on the contrary, constipation and flatulence are recorded.Symptoms of pancreatitis also include the appearance of blue spots around the navel.With the further development of the pathological process, the patient's condition worsens, so he must be immediately transferred to the hospital.
Treatment of pancreatitis
If the disease worsens, the patient is hospitalized.The treatment regimen includes anticonvulsants, drugs that eliminate vomiting, diuretics (they prevent the swelling of the pancreas and help to quickly remove unnecessary enzymes from the body), painkillers, enzyme inhibitors and antibiotics are prescribed for purulent pancreatitis.In the future, vitamin therapy is carried out to strengthen the body.
In case of acute inflammation and severe vomiting, patients are prescribed fasting.Only mineral water or rose water is allowed.In the future, low-calorie foods are gradually introduced into the diet with the exclusion of foods that can stimulate the production of gastric juice and gas formation.
Therapeutic diet
It develops according to the patient's condition.Diet when acute inflammation subsides includes the following:
- providing the body with normal levels of proteins, lipids, carbohydrate compounds.
- increasing the amount of vitamins.
- reducing the amount or completely eliminating substances that can irritate the intestinal mucosa.
- complete refusal of smoking, spicy, salty, alcohol, spices and canned food.
- a diet for pancreatitis includes chopping or grinding food, the temperature of which should not exceed 60 - 65 ° C, that is, mechanical and thermal irritation of the digestive organs should be eliminated as much as possible.
- Meals should be frequent, but always in small portions.in case of severe pain, therapeutic fasting is allowed within 1 - 2 days.
- for pancreatitis and gastritis, refusing food can reduce irritation of the mucous membrane.
Authorized Products
If the pancreas is damaged, the patients' diet may include:
- from dairy products - kefir, non-acidic cottage cheese and yogurt.
- lean meats (chicken, rabbit, beef) in the form of soufflé or mash.
- pike perch, pike, cod (low-fat varieties).
- grated vegetables, which must first be boiled or baked.
- crackers or slightly dried bread.
- vegetarian soups;
- steamed omelets;
- for patients with pancreatitis, consumption of olive oil and butter from fats is allowed.
- Recommended grains are oatmeal, buckwheat and semolina.
- As a fruit, you are allowed to eat apples baked without sugar.
- The best drink to drink is rosehip infusion.
When the inflammation is eliminated and the clinical manifestations of the disease disappear, the diet is slightly expanded.
Sample menu
In chronic pancreatitis, the menu may look like this:
Option 1
- 200 g of mashed potatoes with meatballs (100 g), 200 g of grated rice porridge, tea.
- 100 grams of cheese;
- vegetable puree soup with croutons, steamed meat souffle, 200 grams of buckwheat porridge.
- protein omelet in the amount of 110 g, steamed, compote.
- 250 g fish roll and tea.
- curdled milk (about 200 ml);
Option 2
- boiled fish, mashed potatoes and tea, to which you can add milk.
- 100 grams of cheese;
- oat soup (about 250 g), as well as meat souffle (100 g), steamed with mashed potatoes.
- omelette white;
- cottage cheese souffle;
- a glass of curdled milk.
Option 3
- oat and meat souffle, tea.
- cheese;
- oat soup and meat cutlets (110 g) with mashed potatoes, baked apple.
- omelette white;
- meatballs (110 g), carrot puree.
- curdled milk.
Dietary meals should contain animal proteins, as they are easily digestible, and fats and carbohydrates should be kept to a minimum to protect the pancreas and restore normal digestion of food.
When pancreatitis becomes chronic, diet can be considered the basis for effective treatment.It is important to eat enough protein foods.Συνιστάται να μην μαγειρεύετε ή να ψήνετε πιάτα με κρέας, αλλά να τα βράζετε ή στον ατμό.Low-fat fish dishes are prepared in the same way.
Milk can sometimes be poorly tolerated, so it is recommended to add it only to cooked cereals and drink it in its pure form in an amount of no more than half a glass per day.In addition, the diet should not include meat and fish broths, garlic and onions, cabbage and radishes.Rye flour products are also prohibited.
What should be the calorie content of dishes?
Every day, patients should take in about 350 g of carbohydrates, of which 40 g should be easily digestible sugars.The total energy value of food consumed during the day should be an average of 2600 kilocalories.To correctly calculate the calorie content, there is a special table that indicates the name of the product, its content of proteins, carbohydrates and fats, as well as the number of kilocalories.With its help, the daily diet of patients not only with pancreatitis, but also with other diseases that require an appropriate nutritional diet is prepared.
Traditional methods of treatment
Among traditional medicines, the following are considered the most effective:
- Potato juice.You should drink half a glass two hours before meals, wait 5 minutes and wash it down with a glass of kefir.The treatment should last 14 days, after which you should take a 10-day break and repeat the use of the product.
- It is recommended to drink 100 ml of Brussels sprout juice three times a day for 30 days.
- An infusion of dill and cumin proves helpful.
- It is useful to drink a mumiyo solution every night for 10 consecutive days, one hour after eating (calculated at 2 g per 3 liters of water).
- For 6 months, in case of chronic pancreatitis, it is recommended to take 20 drops of propolis tincture (10%) in the evening, after dissolving them in 100 ml of warmed milk.
To prevent the development of pancreatitis, folk remedies based on medicinal herbs are used.Mainly used are calendula flowers, marshmallow root, blackberry leaves, bean pods, reed root, wormwood herb and mint leaves.
The following treatment will help speed up your recovery.You need to put a kilogram of lemons, parsley roots and garlic (300 g each) through a meat grinder, mix everything and leave the resulting mass for two weeks, after which you start taking a teaspoon.For chronic pancreatitis, it is also recommended to rub chicory root, pour boiling water over it, boil, then cool, strain and drink in small sips.
In addition to the above treatments, patients are advised to do special exercises, which have a positive effect on the pancreas.You need to inhale and exhale, hold your breath and gently pull in your stomach, and then relax the muscles of the abdominal wall.After that, you should inhale and exhale again, hold your breath and strongly inflate your stomach, and then relax.The exercises should be done in a lying position three times a day, doing from 3 to 9 repetitions.Such breathing exercises improve blood circulation and promote the outflow of digestive juices, helping to prevent the development of pancreatitis or its exacerbations.
It is worth remembering that in acute pancreatitis you should not resort to traditional methods, since the patient should be provided with immediate medical assistance.Otherwise, the disease can be fatal.